5 Top Programming Languages To Learn In 2023
If you are new in the programming arena having a number of programming languages then you probably have asked this question to yourself, “Which language should I choose for my career?“.
Technology is changing at a rapid pace nowadays. Hundreds of programming languages are out there in the market. Each of them offers a different set of features to learn. But, picking the right programming language for the career is becoming a tough decision for beginners and newbies.
It is important to find your goal, passion, and interest to decide on the programming language for your career. Moreover, it is also important to know the current trend of the language in the market. So, you can pick a language that is high in demand in the market and also interests you to start.
Here are 5 top programming languages that you can consider learning in 2023.
1. Python
Python is one of the most popular languages in the world. It was created by Guido van Rossum. And it was first released in 1991. It is one of the most favorite languages to learn and use.
Where Python can be helpful?
Python has a wide range of applications. It is useful in a large number of development areas. It is the most preferred programming language when it comes to Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things. Here is the list of those areas where python is useful.
- Artificial Intelligence
- Business Applications
- Desktop GUIs
- Game Development
- Internet Of Things
- Machine Learning
- Software Development
- Web Development
Facts
- Stack Overflow survey claims that about 19% of developers around the world want to learn Python.
- On a typical day, developers ask over 8,000 questions on Stack Overflow. Out of which 15% of questions are about Python.
Pros
- Python is easy to learn and easy to use. The syntax of Python language is very simple and straightforward. Therefore a beginner can easily adapt to the syntax of this language.
- Python is platform-independent.
- It supports object-oriented programming.
- It is open-source with a large community. Hence it has the support of a large number of libraries for AI and IoT.
Cons
- Python is slow.
- Python is not good for mobile development. It is not a native language for android as well as ios application development.
- It has database access limitations. Python has an underdeveloped and primitive database layer as compared to other technologies like JDBC and ODBC.
- Because of its dynamic nature, it suffers from run-time errors.
Companies using Python
Various big companies using python are Instagram, Google, Spotify, Netflix, Uber, Dropbox, Pinterest, etc.
2. Java
According to Java documentation, Java is general-purpose, concurrent, strongly typed, class-based object-oriented language. It was initiated by James Gosling, Mike Sheridan, and Patrick Naughton in 1991. Java is a majorly supported and used language in software development industries.
Where Java can be helpful?
Java is used everywhere and in everything in the world. Banking domains prefer Java for development because of its security. Here are some applications of Java.
- Android Application Development
- Business Applications
- Cloud
- Desktop Development
- Gaming
- Web Development
Facts
- According to Oracle, more than 9 million people working in various sectors use Java. So out of 26.7 million developers, 9 million are working in Java and that is a huge count!
- Furthermore, Oracle states that about 97% of enterprise systems are running on Java.
Pros
- Java is a High-Level programming language with simple syntax. Moreover, it has an easy learning curve.
- Java works on any platform. Hence, making it platform-independent.
- It is secure.
- Being developed in the very early days Java is now stable, and mature. Furthermore, it has a large number of communities over the internet.
Cons
- Because of being a high-level language, Java offers poor performance.
- Java applications consume a lot of memory in the system.
Companies using Java
Airbnb, Uber, Netflix, Google, Vox Media, Instagram, Slack, etc. are some big companies that use Java.
3. JavaScript
JavaScript is a high-level, dynamic-typed, and functional language. It conforms to ECMAScript specifications. JavaScript was invented by Brendan Eich in 1995 when Java was on the rise. It was designed to work in the browser. It was first used for the Netscape browser with the name LiveScript. Later changed to JavaScript.
Where JavaScript can be useful?
JavaScript is designed to run inside the browser. Furthermore, it is useful in client-side as well as server-side scripting. JavaScript has a rich set of famous libraries and frameworks for mobile as well as web development. It is helpful in the following applications.
- Mobile Applications
- Game Development
- Server Applications
- Web Applications
Facts
According to Stack Overflow, JavaScript has maintained its stronghold as the most commonly used programming language for the eighth year in a row.
Libraries and Frameworks
JavaScript is widely famous for its rich set of libraries and frameworks. It offers several libraries and frameworks for mobile and web application development. Some of them are Angular, React, Ionic, Jquery, Vue.Js, Node.js, Express.Js, etc.
You can check a list of all the libraries and frameworks here.
Pros
- JavaScript is notably very fast. Because it renders immediately in the client-side browser.
- It is versatile. Hence, it can be inserted in any language.
- It is popular among developers.
Cans
- Security is the main concern of JavaScript applications.
- Different browser support for JavaScript causes headaches for developers.
Companies using JavaScript
Microsoft, PayPal, Netflix, Groupon, Uber, Facebook, Google, eBay, etc. are the companies that use JavaScript.
4. C++
Old is Gold. C++ is a general-purpose programming language. And it was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979. It is still present in the list of top 5 programming languages from its creation.
Is C++ still used?
Being fast and robust, developers use C++ in System Programming and creating Embedded Systems. Why it is fast and robust? Because it is close to the hardware. It uses native layers of the hardware.
- Animation
- Compilers
- Database Access
- Game Development
- Media Access
- Operating Systems
Facts
According to HackerEarth, C++ is the most sought-after programming language. About 62% of developers and professionals like to code in C++. It is way ahead of Python and Java.
Pros
- C++ is the fastest language after C.
- Because of being an old gem, it has wide support all around the world.
- It is powerful because it is close to the system layer.
- It is stable and mature.
Cans
- Memory management is an overhead for C++ developers because they have to manage memory manually.
- The syntax is a little complicated for newcomers.
Companies using C++
Companies that are using C++ are Evernote, LinkedIn, Microsoft, Opera, NASA, Facebook, etc.
5. Swift
Apple Inc. developed Swift as a general-purpose, compiled, object-oriented and functional language. They introduced it in 2014. Swift uses the Objective-C runtime library. It takes ideas from various other languages like Rust, Python, C#, Haskell, Ruby, etc.
Where Swift can be useful?
Swift is a modern programming language for iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS application development. In case if you are looking to develop products for Apple then you should learn Swift.
Pros
- Swift is simple to learn with an easy learning curve.
- It is a high demand for iOS application development.
- It is easy to read, and maintain and It has efficient memory management.
Cans
- Swift is not mature enough and has a limited community over the internet.
- It lacks support for earlier versions of iOS.
Companies using Swift
Companies that are using Swift programming language are Uber, Slack, Lyft, Airbnb, LinkedIn, etc.
Summary
| LANGUAGE | OPEN-SOURCE | LIBRARIES | FRAMEWORKS | IDES |
| Python | Yes | TensorFlow, Numpy, Pandas, Requests | Django, Web2Py, Flask, Bottle | PyCharm, Atom, Spyder, Idle, VS Code |
| Java | Yes | Gson, openNLP, Log4j, RxJava | Spring, Spring Boot, Hibernate | Eclipse, NetBeans, Intellij IDEA, Android Studio |
| JavaScript | Yes | React, JQuery, Lodash, Underscore | Angular, Ionic, Vue.js, Express.js | VS Code, Webstorm, Atom, NetBeans |
| C++ | Yes | ATL, Eigen, FloatX, openCV | Qt, MFC, GNOME | Eclipse, Microsft Visual Studio, VS Code, Dev C++ |
| Swift | Yes | Alamofire, Swify Json, Realm, RxSwift | XCode, VS Code, AppCode, Atom |
For ranking all the programming languages, you can check the tiobe-index and PYPL index.
These are the best programming languages that are heavily used in the market. They offer a great number of job opportunities in various areas. There are some other languages too like TypeScript, Kotlin, C#, R, etc. These are also in demand nowadays.
If you know all the basics of the programming language and also want to learn about the coding standards to follow then visit this post. If you found this post useful then do not forget to share it with your friends.
See you soon!
